希望、团结和重生的视觉象征 I 基督城中央图书馆

©Adam Mørk， Schmidt Hammer Lassen， Architectus

基督城新中央图书馆图兰加（Tūranga）的设计是2010-2011年毁灭性地震后城市重建中心的弹性、功能和文化意识的优雅融合。

The design of Christchurch's new central library, Tūranga, is an elegant blend of resilience, functionality and cultural awareness at the heart of the city's redevelopment following the devastating earthquakes of 2010-2011.

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项目名称：图兰加 - 基督城中央图书馆

项目： 公共图书馆

大小： 9,500 m²

状态：2018年完工

图兰加 - 基督城中央图书馆

Turanga - Christchurch Central Library

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在 2010 年和 2011 年的 15 个月里，新西兰南岛最大的城市基督城遭受了四次大地震的破坏，摧毁了这座以艺术、文化和周围自然美景而闻名的城市。Schmidt Hammer Lassen Architects 设计了 Tūranga，这是一个新的中央图书馆项目，是被确定为对城市重建至关重要的九个主要项目之一。新的中央图书馆是希望、团结和重生的视觉象征，将从根本上改变居民和游客体验基督城市中心的方式

Over a 15-month period in 2010 and 2011, Christchurch, New Zealand's South Island's largest city, was devastated by four major earthquakes, devastating a city renowned for its arts, culture and surrounding natural beauty. Schmidt Hammer Lassen Architects has designed Tūranga, a new central library project that is one of nine major projects identified as vital to the city's regeneration. The new central library is a visual symbol of hope, unity and rebirth that will fundamentally change the way residents and visitors experience Christchurch city centre.

©Adam Mørk， Schmidt Hammer Lassen， Architectus

克赖斯特彻奇新中央图书馆的设计是韧性、功能和文化意识的优雅融合，是这座受地震破坏的城市重建的核心。

The design of Christchurch’s new Central Library is an elegant blend of resilience, functionality and cultural awareness, at the heart of the regeneration of this earthquake-ravaged city.

“我很荣幸能够设计一个项目，它不仅满足了对新中央图书馆的需求，而且还满足了恢复城市灵魂的使命，其中包括当地毛利人 NGĀI TŪĀHURIRI 的深厚文化遗产。”

– Elif Tinaztepe，Schmidt Hammer Lassen 建筑师兼合伙人

这座五层高、9,500平方米的图书馆位于基督城历史悠久的大教堂广场，其设计支持了该市对公共空间的渴望，该空间可以加强社区，促进识字和终身学习，庆祝文化和遗产的多样性，吸引人们回到市中心，并促进创新。

“I am honored to design a project that not only responds to the need for a new central library, but also fulfills the mission of restoring the soul of the city, which includes the deep cultural heritage of local Māori NGĀI TŪĀHURIRI.”

– Elif Tinaztepe, architect and partner at Schmidt Hammer Lassen

Located in Christchurch’s historic Cathedral Square, the design of the five-storey, 9,500-square-metre library supports the city’s desire for public spaces that strengthen communities, promote literacy and lifelong learning, and celebrate culture and heritage diversity, attracting people back to the city center and promoting innovation.

©Adam Mørk， Schmidt Hammer Lassen， Architectus

这种文化表现首先体现在金色的面纱上，它以引人注目的图形立面掩盖了建筑物。在日落时分，当一天的最后一缕光线发出深邃的光泽时，它的视觉质量会增强。帷幕摇曳的形状灵感来自从图书馆的上层可以看到的周围连绵起伏的丘陵，以及当地 harakeke 亚麻的长而厚的叶片，这是传统文化习俗的基本自然资源。

This cultural expression is first expressed in the golden veil, which conceals the building with a striking graphic facade. Its visual quality is enhanced at sunset, when the day's last rays of light cast a deep glow. The swaying shape of the curtain is inspired by the surrounding rolling hills visible from the library’s upper floors, as well as the long, thick leaves of local harakeke flax, an essential natural resource for traditional cultural practices.

©Adam Mørk， Schmidt Hammer Lassen， Architectus

开放、诱人的入口唤起了whakamanuhiri的重要文化概念，即热情好客的到来游客。

The open, inviting entrance evokes the important cultural concept of whakamanuhiri, which is hospitality to arriving visitors.

©Adam Mørk， Schmidt Hammer Lassen， Architectus

当图书馆的参观者走近大楼时，他们被吸引到非正式的、热情的入口处，该入口将图书馆与大教堂广场和周围的建筑连接起来。一楼是广场公共区域的延续，广场是基督城公共集会、活动、市场和表演的主要城市空间之一。

As visitors to the library approach the building, they are drawn to the informal, welcoming entrance, which connects the library to Cathedral Square and the surrounding buildings. The first floor is a continuation of the public areas of the Square, one of Christchurch's main urban spaces for public gatherings, events, markets and performances.

©Adam Mørk， Schmidt Hammer Lassen， Architectus

为了加强大教堂广场的公民活动，二楼设有社区竞技场，是基督城人民讨论、辩论、分享和庆祝的空间。社区竞技场以图书馆的形式表达为一个独特的体量，其定位旨在最大限度地提高其与广场的视觉联系。图书馆的第二层也是 Ngā Purapura 的所在地，这是一个以 Ngāi Tahu 祖先传统命名的儿童区。Ngā Purapura酒店设有儿童阅读洞穴和活动室。

To enhance the civic activities of Cathedral Square, the second floor houses the Community Arena, a space for the people of Christchurch to discuss, debate, share and celebrate. The community arena is expressed as a unique volume in the form of a library, positioned to maximize its visual connection to the square. The second level of the library is also home to Ngā Purapura, a children’s area named after Ngāi Tahu ancestral traditions. Ngā Purapura has a children's reading cave and activity room.

©Adam Mørk， Schmidt Hammer Lassen， Architectus

再往上走到图书馆，上面的三层设有各种藏书、员工办公室、会议室和自习室、制作工作室、计算机实验室和音乐工作室等功能。坎特伯雷景观中的几个点，包括南阿尔卑斯山和班克斯半岛，从图书馆的上层可以看到，并推动了屋顶露台的位置和方向。

Moving up to the library, the upper three floors house various book collections, staff offices, conference and study rooms, production studios, computer labs and music studios. Several points in the Canterbury landscape, including the Southern Alps and Banks Peninsula, are visible from the library's upper floors and drove the location and orientation of the roof terrace.

©Adam Mørk， Schmidt Hammer Lassen， Architectus

该建筑的五层由一个宏伟的交错中庭连接，中庭设有社交楼梯，用于聚会、阅读和休息。中庭的设计参考了塔瓦基（Tāwhaki），一个来自祖先传统的超人，以及他在升天时对知识的坚定追求。普阿卡（Puaka）是当地纳塔胡（Ngāi Tahu）部落的重要明星，在中庭上方的图案天窗中被引用。

©Adam Mørk， Schmidt Hammer Lassen， Architectus

左图是2009年自然灾害发生前的基督城鸟瞰图。右图是2010年和2011年地震之后，地震袭击了一个与土地、环境和彼此有着深厚联系的社区。

The picture on the left is an aerial view of Christchurch before the 2009 natural disaster. Pictured on the right is the aftermath of the 2010 and 2011 earthquakes, which struck a community with a deep connection to the land, environment and each other.

©Adam Mørk， Schmidt Hammer Lassen， Architectus

该建筑涉及更广泛的背景，与社区相关的自然地标已被确定为设计驱动因素。

The building addresses the wider context and natural landmarks associated with the community have been identified as design drivers.

©Adam Mørk， Schmidt Hammer Lassen， Architectus

该项目的结构工程公司刘易斯·布拉德福德咨询工程师（Lewis Bradford Consulting Engineers）在开发一种结构方面发挥了重要作用，该结构可以承受未来潜在的地震，这种地震在2011年摧毁了基督城的许多建筑物。

图兰加是按照非常严格的性能标准建造的，并且由于集成的自定心机制，设计用于在大地震期间承受最小的结构损坏，该机制允许建筑物摇摆然后返回其原始位置。

The project's structural engineering firm, Lewis Bradford Consulting Engineers, was instrumental in developing a structure that could withstand potential future earthquakes, the kind that destroyed Christ in 2011 many buildings in the city.

Turanga was built to very strict performance standards and is designed to withstand minimal structural damage during large earthquakes thanks to an integrated self-centering mechanism that allows the building to sway and then return to its original position.

©Adam Mørk， Schmidt Hammer Lassen， Architectus

创新设置的一部分是由一系列大型混凝土墙组成的抗震系统，这些混凝土墙可以摇晃和移动，以在重大地震事件期间将建筑物与峰值地震加速度隔离开来。每面墙都有高强度的预紧钢缆，每面墙的力约为 1,000 吨，将墙夹在地基上。这些电缆的张力使建筑物在地震后恢复到原来的位置，确保图书馆将成为基督城的统一地标，供子孙后代使用。

Part of the innovative setup is a seismic-resistant system consisting of a series of large concrete walls that can shake and move to isolate the building from peak seismic accelerations during major seismic events. Each wall has high-strength pre-tensioned steel cables, with a force of approximately 1,000 tons per wall, clamping the wall to the foundation. The tension of these cables allowed the building to return to its original position after the earthquake, ensuring the library will become a unifying landmark for Christchurch for generations to come.

©Adam Mørk， Schmidt Hammer Lassen， Architectus

用户参与是设计的基本驱动因素。你的图书馆，你的声音是一项倡议，从居民那里带来了 2000 多个想法。一个开放和热情的计划，多元文化的氛围，环保和地震安全，是最受欢迎的目标。

User involvement is a fundamental driver of design. Your Library, Your Voice is an initiative that brought over 2,000 ideas from residents. An open and welcoming plan, a multicultural atmosphere, environmental protection and earthquake safety are among the most popular goals.

©Adam Mørk， Schmidt Hammer Lassen， Architectus

在设计过程的早期，我们与Matapopore Charitable Trust合作，该组织的目标是确保在基督城的恢复过程中实现当地Ngāi Tūāhuriri人的价值观、愿望和叙事。

他们对建筑设计的影响是巨大的——从建筑材料到物理朝向，整个图兰加都编织着丰富的祖先、传统知识和文化。

Early on in the design process we worked with the Matapopore Charitable Trust, an organization whose aim is to ensure that the values, aspirations and narratives of the local Ngāi Tūāhuriri people are realized in the restoration of Christchurch.

Their influence on architectural design has been immense – from building materials to physical orientation, a rich ancestral, traditional knowledge and culture is woven throughout Turanga.